ReaperOfVeriod e27c40e738 Explain the tie texcoord residual: i16[3] selects the encoding
The texcoords are 12-bit fixed on 82.5% of vertices, not 100%, and the residual
had no explanation. Grouped by the vertex's i16[3] slot across 95,612 vertices on
levels 0-2, the buckets separate completely:

  i16[3]          n        % / 4096      % / 256
  negative        333        1.2%          1.2%
  == 0          5,851       29.2%         60.7%
  1..63        28,884       92.7%         94.3%
  64..255      54,606       92.3%         93.8%
  256..511          8        0.0%          0.0%
  512..1023      5,391        0.0%          0.0%
  >= 1024         539        0.2%          0.2%

The residual is fully accounted for. 87.3% of vertices sit in 1..255 at about 92.5%
fixedness, contributing 0.873 * 0.925 = 80.8 points; the 5,851 at i16[3] == 0
contribute 1.8 more. That is the 82.5% measured, to the point.

The remaining ~6% are not 12-bit fixed at all. i16[3] >= 256, and negatives, score
0% at BOTH 4096 and 256 -- 6,271 vertices in an encoding this reading does not
see. And i16[3] == 0 scores 29.2% at 4096 but 60.7% at 256, which is a third
distribution rather than a weaker version of the same one.

What this establishes: i16[3] is a per-vertex packed attribute whose value SELECTS
HOW the texcoord pair is stored, rather than an independent field sitting beside
the texcoords. 1-255 is the ordinary case, 0 is special, 256-and-up and negatives
are a different encoding. What those three cases MEAN is still open -- texture
index, normal index, flag or a combination -- but it is now a field whose role is
known, which is more than "packed word".

Worth noting the shape of the claim this replaces: "the texcoords are 12-bit fixed
at i16[4]/i16[5], 73.6% of the time, unexplained". The field position was right;
the 73.6% was a population average over three encodings. Partitioning by the one
variable that separates them turns a mystery into a lookup -- rule 3a again, and the
third time this session that partitioning a mystery produced the answer rather than
merely bounding it.
2026-10-13 05:19:06 +02:00
2026-10-11 20:59:19 +02:00
2026-10-11 20:59:19 +02:00

Going Commando

A native PC reimplementation of Ratchet & Clank: Going Commando (PlayStation 2, 2003), written in Rust.

The game is reimplemented, not emulated. There is no MIPS interpreter here and no CPU emulator: the systems are ported to Rust so they run as ordinary native code.

Status: initial scaffold. The disc is identified and verified, the workspace builds, and nothing else is implemented yet. See docs/roadmap.md for where things stand and what comes next.

The target

Game Ratchet & Clank: Going Commando
Platform PlayStation 2
Disc SCUS_972.68 v1.01, USA Black Label
Video NTSC, 60 Hz
Boot ELF SHA-1 bacda860cbd6723142e86db56f197e47e728970f

Verified against a real disc — see docs/disc-identification.md. This is the build the reference projects pin; Greatest Hits v2.00 is a different binary and is not the target.

No game content

This repository contains no game assets, no disc images, no BIOS dumps and no proprietary toolchains. You supply your own legally obtained copy of the disc as an input, the way the upstream reference projects do.

A pre-commit hook enforces this, blocking disc images, asset directories, container signatures and files over 50 MiB. If you clone elsewhere, enable it:

git config core.hooksPath .githooks

Layout

crates/
  gc-formats/    asset format parsers (pure, no I/O beyond the caller's buffer)
  gc-extract/    disc pipeline: identify, unpack, verify
  gc-game/       game logic: hero, weapons, moby classes, progression, saves
  gc-video/      IPU / MPEG-2 decode
  gc-engine/     Bevy app: Graphics Synthesizer, VU0/VU1, renderer, frame loop
docs/
  disc-identification.md   which disc we build against, verified
  roadmap.md               phases, gates, current status
  plan/                    one file per subsystem, written as work proceeds
  formats/                 format specs, written as formats are reversed
tools/
  identify-disc.py         identify any Going Commando disc image
vendor/
  rerac/                   pinned upstream reference checkout (not tracked)

Building

Requires a Rust toolchain via rustup.

cargo check --workspace
cargo test  --workspace

The host audio backend is disabled in Cargo.toml (see the comment there) so that the workspace builds without system ALSA development headers. Audio decode is the last phase of the port and lives in gc-video; re-enable it and install alsa-lib-devel when that work starts.

Identifying a disc

python3 tools/identify-disc.py <your-disc.iso>

Reports the serial, version and video mode from SYSTEM.CNF, hashes the boot executable, and warns when the disc is not the supported build. Reads only a few megabytes, so it is near-instant.

How it will be verified

Visual and behavioural comparison against PCSX2, replaying recorded input and comparing frames, level by level. The PS2 float model is reproduced rather than approximated — see AGENTS.md.

PCSX2 is installed and working on this machine; the comparison loop that reads the game's own memory over its debug protocol is up, and level 0's and level 1's tfrag lighting are verified byte-exact against it. See docs/plan/pcsx2-verification.md for the setup and how to run it.

Credits and licensing

This project learns from and is built on the work of others. Licences are recorded in PROVENANCE.md and notices must travel with any code derived from them.

  • ReRAC — a native Rust/Bevy port of Ratchet & Clank (2002), the first game. ISC. The architecture this project follows.
  • OpenRAC / rac2-gc-decomp — matching decompilation research for this game. MIT. Source of verified struct layouts and engine documentation.
  • Wrench — community documentation of Insomniac's container formats. GPL, used as a specification reference only; no code is copied.

Ratchet & Clank is a trademark of Sony Interactive Entertainment. This is an unofficial fan project, not affiliated with or endorsed by Sony Interactive Entertainment or Insomniac Games.

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